Perform Quality Assurance:
Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.
Input: 1. Quality management plan 2. Process improvement plan 3. Quality metrics 4. Quality control measurements 5. Project documents
TT: 1. Quality management and control tools 2. Quality audits 3. Process analysis
Output: 1. Change requests 2. Project management plan updates 3. Project documents updates 4. Organizational process assets updates
Perform Quality Assurance is an execution process that uses data created during Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes.
The Perform Quality Assurance process uses the tools and techniques of the Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes. Other tools that are available include:
Affinity diagrams:
Similar to mind-mapping techniques; generate ideas that can be linked to form organized patterns of thought about a problem.
Process decision program charts (PDPC):
To understand a goal in relation to the steps for getting to the goal. The PDPC is useful as a method for contingency planning because it aids teams in anticipating intermediate steps that could derail achievement of the goal.
Interrelationship digraphs:
An adaptation of relationship diagrams. The interrelationship digraphs provide a process for creative problem solving in moderately complex scenarios that possess intertwined logical relationships for up to 50 relevant items. The interrelationship digraph may be developed from data generated in other tools such as the affinity diagram, the tree diagram, or the fishbone diagram.
Tree Diagrams:
Also known as systematic diagrams. WBS, RBS (risk breakdown structure), and OBS (organizational breakdown structure). In project management, tree diagrams are useful in visualizing the parent-to-child relationships in any decomposition hierarchy that uses a systematic set of rules that define a nesting relationship. Tree diagrams can be depicted horizontally (such as a risk breakdown structure) or vertically (such as a team hierarchy or OBS). Because tree diagrams permit the creation of nested branches that terminate into a single decision point, they are useful as decision trees for establishing an expected value for a limited number of dependent relationships that have been diagramed systematically.
Prioritization matrices:
Criteria are prioritized and weighted before being applied to all available alternatives to obtain a mathematical score that ranks the options.
Activity network diagrams:
Previously known as arrow diagrams. They include both the AOA (Activity on Arrow) and, most commonly used, AON (Activity on Node) formats of a network diagram. Activity network diagrams are used with project scheduling methodologies such as program evaluation and review technique (PERT), critical path method (CPM), and precedence diagramming method (PDM).
Matrix diagrams:
Perform data analysis within the organizational structure created in the matrix. The matrix diagram seeks to show the strength of relationships between factors, causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and columns that form the matrix.
A quality audit is a structured, independent process to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.
Process analysis follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify needed improvements.Process analysis includes root cause analysis—a specific technique used to
identify a problem, discover the underlying causes that lead to it, and develop preventive actions.
Manage Communication:
Input: 1. Communications management plan 2. Work performance reports 3. Enterprise environmental factors 4. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Communication technology 2. Communication models 3. Communication methods 4. Information management systems 5. Performance reporting
Output: 1. Project communications 2. Project management plan updates 3. Project documents updates 4. Organizational process assets updates
PMB - The performance measurement baseline Typically integrates scope, schedule, and cost parameters of a project, but may also include technical and quality parameters.
The transmission of message may be compromised by various factors (e.g., distance, unfamiliar technology, inadequate infrastructure, cultural difference, and lack of background information). These factors are collectively termed as noise.
Basic communication model: Encode --> Transmit Message --> Decode --> Acknowledge --> Feedback/Response
Communication Methods:
Interactive - meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, video conferencing, etc.
Push - This ensures that the information is distributed but does not ensure that it actually reached or was understood by the intended audience. Push communications include letters, memos, reports, emails, faxes, voice mails, blogs, press releases, etc.
Pull - Used for very large volumes of information, or for very large audiences, and requires the recipients to access the communication content at their own discretion. These methods
include intranet sites, e-learning, lessons learned databases, knowledge repositories, etc.
Manage Stakeholder Engagement:
Input: 1. Stakeholder management plan 2. Communications management plan 3. Change log 4. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Communication methods 2. Interpersonal Skills 3. Management Skills
Output: 1. Issue log 2. Change Requests 3. Project management plan updates 4. Project documents updates 5. Organizational process assets update
- The ability of stakeholders to influence the project is typically highest during the initial stages and gets progressively lower as the project progresses.
The project manager applies interpersonal skills to manage stakeholders’ expectations. For example:
- Building trust,
- Resolving conflict,
- Active listening, and
- Overcoming resistance to change.
The project manager applies management skills to coordinate and harmonize the group toward accomplishing the project objectives. For example:
- Facilitate consensus toward project objectives,
- Influence people to support the project,
- Negotiate agreements to satisfy the project needs, and
- Modify organizational behavior to accept the project outcomes.
Conduct Procurement:
Input: 1. Procurement management plan 2. Procurement documents 3. Source selection criteria 4. Seller proposals 5. Project documents 6. Make-or-buy decisions 7. Procurement statement
of work 8. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Bidder conference 2. Proposal evaluation techniques 3. Independent estimates 4. Expert judgment 5. Advertising 6. Analytical techniques 7. Procurement negotiations
Output: 1. Selected sellers 2. Agreements 3. Resource calendars 4. Change requests 5. Project management plan updates 6. Project documents updates
Source selection criteria can include information on the supplier’s required capabilities, capacity, delivery dates, product cost, life-cycle cost, technical expertise, and the approach to the contract.
The statement of work is a critical component of the procurement process and can be modified as needed through this process until a final agreement is in place.
Responses to bidder conference questions can be incorporated into the procurement documents as amendments.
Depending upon the application area, an agreement can also be called an understanding, a contract, a subcontract, or a purchase order
A contract is a legal relationship subject to remedy in the courts.
Component of Agreement: Termination clause and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms. The ADR method can be decided in advance as a part of the procurement award.
Perform Quality Assurance is the process of auditing the quality requirements and the results from quality control measurements to ensure that appropriate quality standards and operational definitions are used.
Input: 1. Quality management plan 2. Process improvement plan 3. Quality metrics 4. Quality control measurements 5. Project documents
TT: 1. Quality management and control tools 2. Quality audits 3. Process analysis
Output: 1. Change requests 2. Project management plan updates 3. Project documents updates 4. Organizational process assets updates
Perform Quality Assurance is an execution process that uses data created during Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes.
The Perform Quality Assurance process uses the tools and techniques of the Plan Quality Management and Control Quality processes. Other tools that are available include:
Affinity diagrams:
Similar to mind-mapping techniques; generate ideas that can be linked to form organized patterns of thought about a problem.
Process decision program charts (PDPC):
To understand a goal in relation to the steps for getting to the goal. The PDPC is useful as a method for contingency planning because it aids teams in anticipating intermediate steps that could derail achievement of the goal.
Interrelationship digraphs:
An adaptation of relationship diagrams. The interrelationship digraphs provide a process for creative problem solving in moderately complex scenarios that possess intertwined logical relationships for up to 50 relevant items. The interrelationship digraph may be developed from data generated in other tools such as the affinity diagram, the tree diagram, or the fishbone diagram.
Tree Diagrams:
Also known as systematic diagrams. WBS, RBS (risk breakdown structure), and OBS (organizational breakdown structure). In project management, tree diagrams are useful in visualizing the parent-to-child relationships in any decomposition hierarchy that uses a systematic set of rules that define a nesting relationship. Tree diagrams can be depicted horizontally (such as a risk breakdown structure) or vertically (such as a team hierarchy or OBS). Because tree diagrams permit the creation of nested branches that terminate into a single decision point, they are useful as decision trees for establishing an expected value for a limited number of dependent relationships that have been diagramed systematically.
Prioritization matrices:
Criteria are prioritized and weighted before being applied to all available alternatives to obtain a mathematical score that ranks the options.
Activity network diagrams:
Previously known as arrow diagrams. They include both the AOA (Activity on Arrow) and, most commonly used, AON (Activity on Node) formats of a network diagram. Activity network diagrams are used with project scheduling methodologies such as program evaluation and review technique (PERT), critical path method (CPM), and precedence diagramming method (PDM).
Matrix diagrams:
Perform data analysis within the organizational structure created in the matrix. The matrix diagram seeks to show the strength of relationships between factors, causes, and objectives that exist between the rows and columns that form the matrix.
A quality audit is a structured, independent process to determine if project activities comply with organizational and project policies, processes, and procedures.
Process analysis follows the steps outlined in the process improvement plan to identify needed improvements.Process analysis includes root cause analysis—a specific technique used to
identify a problem, discover the underlying causes that lead to it, and develop preventive actions.
Manage Communication:
Input: 1. Communications management plan 2. Work performance reports 3. Enterprise environmental factors 4. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Communication technology 2. Communication models 3. Communication methods 4. Information management systems 5. Performance reporting
Output: 1. Project communications 2. Project management plan updates 3. Project documents updates 4. Organizational process assets updates
PMB - The performance measurement baseline Typically integrates scope, schedule, and cost parameters of a project, but may also include technical and quality parameters.
The transmission of message may be compromised by various factors (e.g., distance, unfamiliar technology, inadequate infrastructure, cultural difference, and lack of background information). These factors are collectively termed as noise.
Basic communication model: Encode --> Transmit Message --> Decode --> Acknowledge --> Feedback/Response
Communication Methods:
Interactive - meetings, phone calls, instant messaging, video conferencing, etc.
Push - This ensures that the information is distributed but does not ensure that it actually reached or was understood by the intended audience. Push communications include letters, memos, reports, emails, faxes, voice mails, blogs, press releases, etc.
Pull - Used for very large volumes of information, or for very large audiences, and requires the recipients to access the communication content at their own discretion. These methods
include intranet sites, e-learning, lessons learned databases, knowledge repositories, etc.
Manage Stakeholder Engagement:
Input: 1. Stakeholder management plan 2. Communications management plan 3. Change log 4. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Communication methods 2. Interpersonal Skills 3. Management Skills
Output: 1. Issue log 2. Change Requests 3. Project management plan updates 4. Project documents updates 5. Organizational process assets update
- The ability of stakeholders to influence the project is typically highest during the initial stages and gets progressively lower as the project progresses.
The project manager applies interpersonal skills to manage stakeholders’ expectations. For example:
- Building trust,
- Resolving conflict,
- Active listening, and
- Overcoming resistance to change.
The project manager applies management skills to coordinate and harmonize the group toward accomplishing the project objectives. For example:
- Facilitate consensus toward project objectives,
- Influence people to support the project,
- Negotiate agreements to satisfy the project needs, and
- Modify organizational behavior to accept the project outcomes.
Conduct Procurement:
Input: 1. Procurement management plan 2. Procurement documents 3. Source selection criteria 4. Seller proposals 5. Project documents 6. Make-or-buy decisions 7. Procurement statement
of work 8. Organizational process assets
TT: 1. Bidder conference 2. Proposal evaluation techniques 3. Independent estimates 4. Expert judgment 5. Advertising 6. Analytical techniques 7. Procurement negotiations
Output: 1. Selected sellers 2. Agreements 3. Resource calendars 4. Change requests 5. Project management plan updates 6. Project documents updates
Source selection criteria can include information on the supplier’s required capabilities, capacity, delivery dates, product cost, life-cycle cost, technical expertise, and the approach to the contract.
The statement of work is a critical component of the procurement process and can be modified as needed through this process until a final agreement is in place.
Responses to bidder conference questions can be incorporated into the procurement documents as amendments.
Depending upon the application area, an agreement can also be called an understanding, a contract, a subcontract, or a purchase order
A contract is a legal relationship subject to remedy in the courts.
Component of Agreement: Termination clause and alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanisms. The ADR method can be decided in advance as a part of the procurement award.
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